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Great Wall Hiking Club - A Division of Great Wall Adventure Club
Home
Contact
  • Contact Us
  • About the Club
  • Promotions
  • Book with Confidence
  • Case Study: Duggar Family
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Day Tour
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  • 1AA Gubeikou-Jinshanling
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Camping
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  • 2HC2 Lakeside Camping
  • 2JK Jiankou Camping
Multiday
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  • 6-day Great Wall Trek
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  • 9-day Great Wall Trek
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China Adventures
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  • Terracotta Warriors Tours
  • Three Gorges Cruise
  • Yangtze River Cruise Tour
  • Beijing-Shanghai-Tour
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  • Home
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  • Day Tour
    • INTRODUCING DAY HIKES
    • 1AA Gubeikou-Jinshanling
    • 1AB Jinshanling-Simatai
    • 1X Gubeikou-Simatai 16km
    • 1B Jiankou-Mutianyu
    • 1D1 Great Wall Biking
    • 1G Gubeikou Train Tour
    • Mutianyu Private Tour
    • Mutianyu Sunset Tour
    • INTRODUCING SUNSET HIKES
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  • Camping
    • Introducing Camping Tours
    • 2GC1-Group-Hiking-Camping
    • 2GC2-Camping-Gubeikou
    • 2AA Guided Camping
    • 2AB Guided Camping
    • 2AD Guided Camping
    • 2AE Guided Camping
    • 2X1 Imperial Camping
    • 2B LakesLakeside Camping
    • 2DC Lakeside Walk & Camp
    • 2HB Beginner's Camping
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    • 2HC Gubeikou Camping
    • 2HC2 Lakeside Camping
    • 2JK Jiankou Camping
  • Multiday
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  • China Adventures
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    • Terracotta Warriors Tours
    • Three Gorges Cruise
    • Yangtze River Cruise Tour
    • Beijing-Shanghai-Tour
    • Shanghai Shore Excursion
    • Chinese-Garden-Tour
    • Pingyao-Tour-from-Beijing
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    • A3-Group Tour-Mutianyu
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    • G1-Wild-Gubeikou-Hike
    • A7-Gubeikou-Simatai-16kms
    • A9-Simatai Hike-Watertown
    • GS1-Group-Sunset-Hike
    • 2GC1-Group-Hiking-Camping
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  • Home
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    • Promotions
    • Book with Confidence
    • Case Study: Duggar Family
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    • Great Wall Cares
    • China Charity Adventures
    • Business Incentive Travel
    • Payment Center
    • Guest Feedback Form
    • Travel Agency
    • Media & Press
  • Day Tour
    • INTRODUCING DAY HIKES
    • 1AA Gubeikou-Jinshanling
    • 1AB Jinshanling-Simatai
    • 1X Gubeikou-Simatai 16km
    • 1B Jiankou-Mutianyu
    • 1D1 Great Wall Biking
    • 1G Gubeikou Train Tour
    • Mutianyu Private Tour
    • Mutianyu Sunset Tour
    • INTRODUCING SUNSET HIKES
    • INTRODUCING SUNRISE TOURS
  • Camping
    • Introducing Camping Tours
    • 2GC1-Group-Hiking-Camping
    • 2GC2-Camping-Gubeikou
    • 2AA Guided Camping
    • 2AB Guided Camping
    • 2AD Guided Camping
    • 2AE Guided Camping
    • 2X1 Imperial Camping
    • 2B LakesLakeside Camping
    • 2DC Lakeside Walk & Camp
    • 2HB Beginner's Camping
    • 2HB2 Beginner's Camping
    • 2HC Gubeikou Camping
    • 2HC2 Lakeside Camping
    • 2JK Jiankou Camping
  • Multiday
    • 3-day Great Wall Treks
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    • 6-day Great Wall Trek
    • 7-day Great Wall Treks
    • 9-day Great Wall Trek
    • 10-day Great Wall Trek
    • 12-day Great Wall Trek
  • China Adventures
    • Best China Tour Vacations
    • Terracotta Warriors Tours
    • Three Gorges Cruise
    • Yangtze River Cruise Tour
    • Beijing-Shanghai-Tour
    • Shanghai Shore Excursion
    • Chinese-Garden-Tour
    • Pingyao-Tour-from-Beijing
    • Panda-Volunteer-Program
    • Mt-Emei-Leshan-Buddha
    • Tibet-Mt-Everest-tours
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    • A9-Simatai Hike-Watertown
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Welcome to

Xian City Walls- Walk and Bike the Ancient Structure in Xian

Shaped like a rectangle, Xian is enclosed within a huge 23-mile-long city wall. You may walk the City Walls or rent a bike to have a fun cycling tour.

The Must-see Tang Dynasty City Wall

The History of Xian City Wall

Xi’an is one of the only cities where the old city walls are still standing. When Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, should 'built high walls, store abundant food supplies and take time to be an Emperor,' to fortify the city and unify the other states. After establishing the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang followed his advice and began to enlarge the wall built initially during the old Tang dynasty (618 -907), creating the modern Xian City Wall. It's the complete city wall that has survived in China and one of the largest ancient military defensive systems in the world.
 

After the extension, the wall now stands 12 meters (40 feet) tall, 12-14 meters (40-46 feet) wide at the top, and 15-18 meters (50-60 feet) thick at the bottom. It covers 13.7 kilometers (8.5 miles) in length with a deep moat surrounding it. Every 120 meters, there is a rampart which extends out from the main wall. Altogether, 98 ramparts on the wall were built to defend against the enemy climbing up the wall. Each rampart has a sentry building, in which the soldiers could protect the entire wall without exposing themselves to the enemy. Besides, the distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of an arrow shot from either side. The soldiers could shoot the enemy who wanted to attack the city from the side. On the outer side of the city wall, there are 5948 crenellations, namely battlements. The soldiers can outlook and shoot at the enemy. On the inner side, parapets were built to protect the soldiers from falling off.
 

Since the ancient weapons did not have the power to break through a wall and the only way for an enemy to enter the city was by attacking the gate of the city wall. In Xian, the city wall includes four gates, and they are respectively named as Changle (meaning eternal joy) in the east, Anding (harmony peace) in the west, Yongning (lasting peace) in the south, and Anyuan (forever harmony) in the north. The south gate, Yongning, is the most beautifully decorated one. It is very near to the Bell Tower, the center of the city. Important greeting ceremonies organized by the Provincial Government are usually held in the south gate square.
 

Each city gate has three gate towers: Zhenglou, Jianlou, and Zhalou. The most outside is Zhalou, which stands away from the City Wall and is opposite to Zhenglou. It was used to raise and lower the suspension bridge. Jianlou, with small windows in the front and flanks, was used as a defensive outpost. Zhenglou, in the inner, is the main entrance to the city. The wall connects Jianlou and Zhenglou Towers. The area between them within the wall was called 'Wong Cheng', in which the soldiers stationed. From Wong Cheng, sloped horse passages are leading to the top of the city wall.
 

Initially, the wall was built with layers of dirt, with the base layer including also lime and glutinous rice extract. Throughout the time, Xian City Wall has been restored three times. In 1568, Zhang Zhi (the government officer of that period) was in charge of rebuilding the wall with bricks. In 1781, another officer, Bi Yuan, refitted the city wall and the gate towers. More recently (since 1983), the Shaanxi Provincial Government restored the city wall. A circular park has been built along the high wall and the deep moat. The thriving trees and flowers decorate the classical Chinese architecture of the wall, adding additional beauty to Xian's city.
 

It is possible to walk the entirety of the walls in a leisurely four hours. You can also rent a bike (even a two-seater) and or a rickshaw to glide along the wall. To get an idea of Xi’an’s former grandeur, consider this: the Tang city walls originally enclosed 83 sq km, an area seven times larger than today’s city center. At night the city wall is illuminated, making it a beautiful and dreamy backdrop for a nighttime walk on the town.
 

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